path: root/src/cryptsetup.c

/*
 * cryptsetup - setup cryptographic volumes for dm-crypt
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2004, Jana Saout <jana@saout.de>
 * Copyright (C) 2004-2007, Clemens Fruhwirth <clemens@endorphin.org>
 * Copyright (C) 2009-2015, Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
 * Copyright (C) 2009-2015, Milan Broz
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
 * as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
 * of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 */

#include "cryptsetup.h"

static const char *opt_cipher = NULL;
static const char *opt_hash = NULL;
static int opt_verify_passphrase = 0;

static const char *opt_key_file = NULL;
static int opt_keyfiles_count = 0;
static const char *opt_keyfiles[MAX_KEYFILES];

static const char *opt_master_key_file = NULL;
static const char *opt_header_backup_file = NULL;
static const char *opt_uuid = NULL;
static const char *opt_header_device = NULL;
static const char *opt_type = "luks";
static int opt_key_size = 0;
static long opt_keyfile_size = 0;
static long opt_new_keyfile_size = 0;
static long opt_keyfile_offset = 0;
static long opt_new_keyfile_offset = 0;
static int opt_key_slot = CRYPT_ANY_SLOT;
static uint64_t opt_size = 0;
static uint64_t opt_offset = 0;
static uint64_t opt_skip = 0;
static int opt_skip_valid = 0;
static int opt_readonly = 0;
static int opt_iteration_time = DEFAULT_LUKS1_ITER_TIME;
static int opt_version_mode = 0;
static int opt_timeout = 0;
static int opt_tries = 3;
static int opt_align_payload = 0;
static int opt_random = 0;
static int opt_urandom = 0;
static int opt_dump_master_key = 0;
static int opt_shared = 0;
static int opt_allow_discards = 0;
static int opt_perf_same_cpu_crypt = 0;
static int opt_perf_submit_from_crypt_cpus = 0;
static int opt_test_passphrase = 0;
static int opt_tcrypt_hidden = 0;
static int opt_tcrypt_system = 0;
static int opt_tcrypt_backup = 0;
static int opt_veracrypt = 0;

static const char **action_argv;
static int action_argc;
static const char *null_action_argv[] = {NULL, NULL};

static const char *uuid_or_device_header(const char **data_device)
{
	if (data_device)
		*data_device = opt_header_device ? action_argv[0] : NULL;

	return uuid_or_device(opt_header_device ?: action_argv[0]);
}

static int _verify_passphrase(int def)
{
	/* Batch mode switch off verify - if not overrided by -y */
	if (opt_verify_passphrase)
		def = 1;
	else if (opt_batch_mode)
		def = 0;

	/* Non-tty input doesn't allow verify */
	if (def && !isatty(STDIN_FILENO)) {
		if (opt_verify_passphrase)
			log_err(_("Can't do passphrase verification on non-tty inputs.\n"));
		def = 0;
	}

	return def;
}

static void _set_activation_flags(uint32_t *flags)
{
	if (opt_readonly)
		*flags |= CRYPT_ACTIVATE_READONLY;

	if (opt_allow_discards)
		*flags |= CRYPT_ACTIVATE_ALLOW_DISCARDS;

	if (opt_perf_same_cpu_crypt)
		*flags |= CRYPT_ACTIVATE_SAME_CPU_CRYPT;

	if (opt_perf_submit_from_crypt_cpus)
		*flags |= CRYPT_ACTIVATE_SUBMIT_FROM_CRYPT_CPUS;
}

static int action_open_plain(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	char cipher[MAX_CIPHER_LEN], cipher_mode[MAX_CIPHER_LEN];
	struct crypt_params_plain params = {
		.hash = opt_hash ?: DEFAULT_PLAIN_HASH,
		.skip = opt_skip,
		.offset = opt_offset,
		.size = opt_size,
	};
	char *password = NULL;
	size_t passwordLen;
	size_t key_size = (opt_key_size ?: DEFAULT_PLAIN_KEYBITS) / 8;
	uint32_t activate_flags = 0;
	int r;

	r = crypt_parse_name_and_mode(opt_cipher ?: DEFAULT_CIPHER(PLAIN),
				      cipher, NULL, cipher_mode);
	if (r < 0) {
		log_err(_("No known cipher specification pattern detected.\n"));
		goto out;
	}

	/* FIXME: temporary hack, no hashing for keyfiles in plain mode */
	if (opt_key_file && !tools_is_stdin(opt_key_file)) {
		params.hash = NULL;
		if (!opt_batch_mode && opt_hash)
			log_std(_("WARNING: The --hash parameter is being ignored "
				 "in plain mode with keyfile specified.\n"));
	}

	if (params.hash && !strcmp(params.hash, "plain"))
		params.hash = NULL;

	if (!opt_batch_mode && !params.hash && opt_key_file && !tools_is_stdin(opt_key_file) && opt_keyfile_size)
		log_std(_("WARNING: The --keyfile-size option is being ignored, "
			 "the read size is the same as the encryption key size.\n"));

	if ((r = crypt_init(&cd, action_argv[0])))
		goto out;

	crypt_set_timeout(cd, opt_timeout);
	crypt_set_password_retry(cd, opt_tries);

	r = crypt_format(cd, CRYPT_PLAIN,
			 cipher, cipher_mode,
			 NULL, NULL,
			 key_size,
			 &params);
	check_signal(&r);
	if (r < 0)
		goto out;

	if (opt_shared)
		activate_flags |= CRYPT_ACTIVATE_SHARED;

	_set_activation_flags(&activate_flags);

	if (!tools_is_stdin(opt_key_file)) {
		/* If no hash, key is read directly, read size is always key_size
		 * (possible opt_keyfile_size is ignored.
		 * If hash is specified, opt_keyfile_size is applied.
		 * The opt_keyfile_offset is applied always.
		 */
		r = crypt_activate_by_keyfile_offset(cd, action_argv[1],
			CRYPT_ANY_SLOT, opt_key_file,
			params.hash ? opt_keyfile_size : key_size, opt_keyfile_offset,
			activate_flags);
	} else {
		r = tools_get_key(_("Enter passphrase: "),
				  &password, &passwordLen,
				  opt_keyfile_offset, (opt_key_file && !params.hash) ? key_size : opt_keyfile_size,
				  opt_key_file, opt_timeout,
				  _verify_passphrase(0), 0,
				  cd);
		if (r < 0)
			goto out;

		r = crypt_activate_by_passphrase(cd, action_argv[1],
			CRYPT_ANY_SLOT, password, passwordLen, activate_flags);
	}
out:
	crypt_free(cd);
	crypt_safe_free(password);

	return r;
}

static int action_open_loopaes(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	struct crypt_params_loopaes params = {
		.hash = opt_hash ?: NULL,
		.offset = opt_offset,
		.skip = opt_skip_valid ? opt_skip : opt_offset,
	};
	unsigned int key_size = (opt_key_size ?: DEFAULT_LOOPAES_KEYBITS) / 8;
	uint32_t activate_flags = 0;
	int r;

	if (!opt_key_file) {
		log_err(_("Option --key-file is required.\n"));
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	_set_activation_flags(&activate_flags);

	if ((r = crypt_init(&cd, action_argv[0])))
		goto out;

	r = crypt_format(cd, CRYPT_LOOPAES, opt_cipher ?: DEFAULT_LOOPAES_CIPHER,
			 NULL, NULL, NULL, key_size, &params);
	check_signal(&r);
	if (r < 0)
		goto out;

	r = crypt_activate_by_keyfile_offset(cd, action_argv[1], CRYPT_ANY_SLOT,
				      opt_key_file, opt_keyfile_size,
				      opt_keyfile_offset, activate_flags);
out:
	crypt_free(cd);

	return r;
}

static int tcrypt_load(struct crypt_device *cd, struct crypt_params_tcrypt *params)
{
	int r, tries = opt_tries, eperm = 0;

	do {
		/* TCRYPT header is encrypted, get passphrase now */
		r = tools_get_key(_("Enter passphrase: "),
				  CONST_CAST(char**)&params->passphrase,
				  &params->passphrase_size, 0, 0, NULL, opt_timeout,
				 _verify_passphrase(0), 0, cd);
		if (r < 0)
			continue;

		if (opt_tcrypt_hidden)
			params->flags |= CRYPT_TCRYPT_HIDDEN_HEADER;

		if (opt_tcrypt_system)
			params->flags |= CRYPT_TCRYPT_SYSTEM_HEADER;

		if (opt_tcrypt_backup)
			params->flags |= CRYPT_TCRYPT_BACKUP_HEADER;

		r = crypt_load(cd, CRYPT_TCRYPT, params);

		if (r == -EPERM) {
			log_err(_("No device header detected with this passphrase.\n"));
			eperm = 1;
		}

		if (r < 0) {
			crypt_safe_free(CONST_CAST(char*)params->passphrase);
			params->passphrase = NULL;
			params->passphrase_size = 0;
		}
		check_signal(&r);
	} while (r == -EPERM && (--tries > 0));

	/* Report wrong passphrase if at least one try failed */
	if (eperm && r == -EPIPE)
		r = -EPERM;

	return r;
}

static int action_open_tcrypt(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	struct crypt_params_tcrypt params = {
		.keyfiles = opt_keyfiles,
		.keyfiles_count = opt_keyfiles_count,
		.flags = CRYPT_TCRYPT_LEGACY_MODES |
			 (opt_veracrypt ? CRYPT_TCRYPT_VERA_MODES : 0),
	};
	const char *activated_name;
	uint32_t activate_flags = 0;
	int r;

	activated_name = opt_test_passphrase ? NULL : action_argv[1];

	if ((r = crypt_init(&cd, action_argv[0])))
		goto out;

	r = tcrypt_load(cd, &params);
	if (r < 0)
		goto out;

	_set_activation_flags(&activate_flags);

	if (activated_name)
		r = crypt_activate_by_volume_key(cd, activated_name, NULL, 0, activate_flags);
out:
	crypt_free(cd);
	crypt_safe_free(CONST_CAST(char*)params.passphrase);
	return r;
}

static int tcryptDump_with_volume_key(struct crypt_device *cd)
{
	char *vk = NULL;
	size_t vk_size;
	unsigned i;
	int r;

	crypt_set_confirm_callback(cd, yesDialog, NULL);
	if (!yesDialog(
	    _("Header dump with volume key is sensitive information\n"
	      "which allows access to encrypted partition without passphrase.\n"
	      "This dump should be always stored encrypted on safe place."),
	      NULL))
		return -EPERM;

	vk_size = crypt_get_volume_key_size(cd);
	vk = crypt_safe_alloc(vk_size);
	if (!vk)
		return -ENOMEM;

	r = crypt_volume_key_get(cd, CRYPT_ANY_SLOT, vk, &vk_size, NULL, 0);
	if (r < 0)
		goto out;

	log_std("TCRYPT header information for %s\n", crypt_get_device_name(cd));
	log_std("Cipher chain:  \t%s\n", crypt_get_cipher(cd));
	log_std("Cipher mode:   \t%s\n", crypt_get_cipher_mode(cd));
	log_std("Payload offset:\t%d\n", (int)crypt_get_data_offset(cd));
	log_std("MK bits:       \t%d\n", (int)vk_size * 8);
	log_std("MK dump:\t");

	for(i = 0; i < vk_size; i++) {
		if (i && !(i % 16))
			log_std("\n\t\t");
		log_std("%02hhx ", (char)vk[i]);
	}
	log_std("\n");
out:
	crypt_safe_free(vk);
	return r;
}

static int action_tcryptDump(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	struct crypt_params_tcrypt params = {
		.keyfiles = opt_keyfiles,
		.keyfiles_count = opt_keyfiles_count,
		.flags = CRYPT_TCRYPT_LEGACY_MODES |
			 (opt_veracrypt ? CRYPT_TCRYPT_VERA_MODES : 0),
	};
	int r;

	if ((r = crypt_init(&cd, action_argv[0])))
		goto out;

	r = tcrypt_load(cd, &params);
	if (r < 0)
		goto out;

	if (opt_dump_master_key)
		r = tcryptDump_with_volume_key(cd);
	else
		r = crypt_dump(cd);
out:
	crypt_free(cd);
	crypt_safe_free(CONST_CAST(char*)params.passphrase);
	return r;
}

static int action_close(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	int r;

	r = crypt_init_by_name(&cd, action_argv[0]);
	if (r == 0)
		r = crypt_deactivate(cd, action_argv[0]);

	crypt_free(cd);
	return r;
}

static int action_resize(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	int r;

	r = crypt_init_by_name_and_header(&cd, action_argv[0], opt_header_device);
	if (r == 0)
		r = crypt_resize(cd, action_argv[0], opt_size);

	crypt_free(cd);
	return r;
}

static int action_status(void)
{
	crypt_status_info ci;
	struct crypt_active_device cad;
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	char *backing_file;
	const char *device;
	int path = 0, r = 0;

	/* perhaps a path, not a dm device name */
	if (strchr(action_argv[0], '/'))
		path = 1;

	ci = crypt_status(NULL, action_argv[0]);
	switch (ci) {
	case CRYPT_INVALID:
		r = -EINVAL;
		break;
	case CRYPT_INACTIVE:
		if (path)
			log_std("%s is inactive.\n", action_argv[0]);
		else
			log_std("%s/%s is inactive.\n", crypt_get_dir(), action_argv[0]);
		r = -ENODEV;
		break;
	case CRYPT_ACTIVE:
	case CRYPT_BUSY:
		if (path)
			log_std("%s is active%s.\n", action_argv[0],
				ci == CRYPT_BUSY ? " and is in use" : "");
		else
			log_std("%s/%s is active%s.\n", crypt_get_dir(), action_argv[0],
				ci == CRYPT_BUSY ? " and is in use" : "");

		r = crypt_init_by_name_and_header(&cd, action_argv[0], opt_header_device);
		if (r < 0)
			goto out;

		log_std("  type:    %s\n", crypt_get_type(cd) ?: "n/a");

		r = crypt_get_active_device(cd, action_argv[0], &cad);
		if (r < 0)
			goto out;

		log_std("  cipher:  %s-%s\n", crypt_get_cipher(cd), crypt_get_cipher_mode(cd));
		log_std("  keysize: %d bits\n", crypt_get_volume_key_size(cd) * 8);
		device = crypt_get_device_name(cd);
		log_std("  device:  %s\n", device);
		if (crypt_loop_device(device)) {
			backing_file = crypt_loop_backing_file(device);
			log_std("  loop:    %s\n", backing_file);
			free(backing_file);
		}
		log_std("  offset:  %" PRIu64 " sectors\n", cad.offset);
		log_std("  size:    %" PRIu64 " sectors\n", cad.size);
		if (cad.iv_offset)
			log_std("  skipped: %" PRIu64 " sectors\n", cad.iv_offset);
		log_std("  mode:    %s\n", cad.flags & CRYPT_ACTIVATE_READONLY ?
					   "readonly" : "read/write");
		if (cad.flags & (CRYPT_ACTIVATE_ALLOW_DISCARDS|
				 CRYPT_ACTIVATE_ALLOW_DISCARDS|
				 CRYPT_ACTIVATE_SUBMIT_FROM_CRYPT_CPUS))
			log_std("  flags:   %s%s%s\n",
				(cad.flags & CRYPT_ACTIVATE_ALLOW_DISCARDS) ? "discards " : "",
				(cad.flags & CRYPT_ACTIVATE_SAME_CPU_CRYPT) ? "same_cpu_crypt " : "",
				(cad.flags & CRYPT_ACTIVATE_SUBMIT_FROM_CRYPT_CPUS) ? "submit_from_crypt_cpus" : "");
	}
out:
	crypt_free(cd);
	if (r == -ENOTSUP)
		r = 0;
	return r;
}

static int action_benchmark_kdf(const char *hash)
{
	uint64_t kdf_iters;
	int r;

	r = crypt_benchmark_kdf(NULL, "pbkdf2", hash, "foo", 3, "bar", 3,
				&kdf_iters);
	if (r < 0)
		log_std("PBKDF2-%-9s     N/A\n", hash);
	else
		log_std("PBKDF2-%-9s %7" PRIu64 " iterations per second\n",
			hash, kdf_iters);
	return r;
}

static int benchmark_cipher_loop(const char *cipher, const char *cipher_mode,
				 size_t volume_key_size, size_t iv_size,
				 double *encryption_mbs, double *decryption_mbs)
{
	int r, buffer_size = 1024 * 1024;

	do {
		r = crypt_benchmark(NULL, cipher, cipher_mode,
				    volume_key_size, iv_size, buffer_size,
				    encryption_mbs, decryption_mbs);
		if (r == -ERANGE) {
			if (buffer_size < 1024 * 1024 * 65)
				buffer_size *= 2;
			else {
				log_err(_("Result of benchmark is not reliable.\n"));
				r = -ENOENT;
			}
		}
	} while (r == -ERANGE);

	return r;
}

static int action_benchmark(void)
{
	static struct {
		const char *cipher;
		const char *mode;
		size_t key_size;
		size_t iv_size;
	} bciphers[] = {
		{ "aes",     "cbc", 16, 16 },
		{ "serpent", "cbc", 16, 16 },
		{ "twofish", "cbc", 16, 16 },
		{ "aes",     "cbc", 32, 16 },
		{ "serpent", "cbc", 32, 16 },
		{ "twofish", "cbc", 32, 16 },
		{ "aes",     "xts", 32, 16 },
		{ "serpent", "xts", 32, 16 },
		{ "twofish", "xts", 32, 16 },
		{ "aes",     "xts", 64, 16 },
		{ "serpent", "xts", 64, 16 },
		{ "twofish", "xts", 64, 16 },
		{  NULL, NULL, 0, 0 }
	};
	static const char *bkdfs[] = {
		"sha1", "sha256", "sha512", "ripemd160", "whirlpool", NULL
	};
	char cipher[MAX_CIPHER_LEN], cipher_mode[MAX_CIPHER_LEN];
	double enc_mbr = 0, dec_mbr = 0;
	int key_size = (opt_key_size ?: DEFAULT_PLAIN_KEYBITS);
	int iv_size = 16, skipped = 0;
	char *c;
	int i, r;

	log_std(_("# Tests are approximate using memory only (no storage IO).\n"));
	if (opt_hash) {
		r = action_benchmark_kdf(opt_hash);
	} else if (opt_cipher) {
		r = crypt_parse_name_and_mode(opt_cipher, cipher, NULL, cipher_mode);
		if (r < 0) {
			log_err(_("No known cipher specification pattern detected.\n"));
			return r;
		}
		if ((c  = strchr(cipher_mode, '-')))
			*c = '\0';

		/* FIXME: not really clever :) */
		if (strstr(cipher, "des") ||
		    strstr(cipher, "blowfish") ||
		    strstr(cipher, "cast5"))
			iv_size = 8;

		if (!strcmp(cipher_mode, "ecb"))
			iv_size = 0;

		r = benchmark_cipher_loop(cipher, cipher_mode,
					  key_size / 8, iv_size,
					  &enc_mbr, &dec_mbr);
		if (!r) {
			log_std(N_("#  Algorithm | Key |  Encryption |  Decryption\n"));
			log_std("%8s-%s  %4db  %6.1f MiB/s  %6.1f MiB/s\n",
				cipher, cipher_mode, key_size, enc_mbr, dec_mbr);
		} else if (r == -ENOENT)
			log_err(_("Cipher %s is not available.\n"), opt_cipher);
	} else {
		for (i = 0; bkdfs[i]; i++) {
			r = action_benchmark_kdf(bkdfs[i]);
			check_signal(&r);
			if (r == -EINTR)
				break;
		}
		for (i = 0; bciphers[i].cipher; i++) {
			r = benchmark_cipher_loop(bciphers[i].cipher, bciphers[i].mode,
					    bciphers[i].key_size, bciphers[i].iv_size,
					    &enc_mbr, &dec_mbr);
			check_signal(&r);
			if (r == -ENOTSUP || r == -EINTR)
				break;
			if (r == -ENOENT)
				skipped++;
			if (i == 0)
				log_std(N_("#  Algorithm | Key |  Encryption |  Decryption\n"));

			snprintf(cipher, MAX_CIPHER_LEN, "%s-%s",
				 bciphers[i].cipher, bciphers[i].mode);
			if (!r)
				log_std("%12s  %4zub  %6.1f MiB/s  %6.1f MiB/s\n",
					cipher, bciphers[i].key_size*8, enc_mbr, dec_mbr);
			else
				log_std("%12s  %4zub %13s %13s\n", cipher,
					bciphers[i].key_size*8, _("N/A"), _("N/A"));
		}
		if (skipped && skipped == i)
			r = -ENOTSUP;
	}

	if (r == -ENOTSUP) {
		log_err(_("Required kernel crypto interface not available.\n"));
#ifdef ENABLE_AF_ALG
		log_err( _("Ensure you have algif_skcipher kernel module loaded.\n"));
#endif
	}
	return r;
}

static int _read_mk(const char *file, char **key, int keysize)
{
	int fd;

	*key = crypt_safe_alloc(keysize);
	if (!*key)
		return -ENOMEM;

	fd = open(file, O_RDONLY);
	if (fd == -1) {
		log_err(_("Cannot read keyfile %s.\n"), file);
		goto fail;
	}
	if ((read(fd, *key, keysize) != keysize)) {
		log_err(_("Cannot read %d bytes from keyfile %s.\n"), keysize, file);
		close(fd);
		goto fail;
	}
	close(fd);
	return 0;
fail:
	crypt_safe_free(*key);
	*key = NULL;
	return -EINVAL;
}

static int action_luksRepair(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	int r;

	if ((r = crypt_init(&cd, action_argv[0])))
		goto out;

	/* Currently only LUKS1 allows repair */
	crypt_set_log_callback(cd, quiet_log, NULL);
	r = crypt_load(cd, CRYPT_LUKS1, NULL);
	crypt_set_log_callback(cd, tool_log, NULL);
	if (r == 0) {
		log_verbose(_("No known problems detected for LUKS header.\n"));
		goto out;
	}

	r = yesDialog(_("Really try to repair LUKS device header?"),
		       NULL) ? 0 : -EINVAL;
	if (r == 0)
		r = crypt_repair(cd, CRYPT_LUKS1, NULL);
out:
	crypt_free(cd);
	return r;
}

static int action_luksFormat(void)
{
	int r = -EINVAL, keysize;
	const char *header_device;
	char *msg = NULL, *key = NULL, cipher [MAX_CIPHER_LEN], cipher_mode[MAX_CIPHER_LEN];
	char *password = NULL;
	size_t passwordLen;
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	struct crypt_params_luks1 params = {
		.hash = opt_hash ?: DEFAULT_LUKS1_HASH,
		.data_alignment = opt_align_payload,
		.data_device = opt_header_device ? action_argv[0] : NULL,
	};

	header_device = opt_header_device ?: action_argv[0];

	if(asprintf(&msg, _("This will overwrite data on %s irrevocably."),
		    header_device) == -1) {
		log_err(_("memory allocation error in action_luksFormat"));
		r = -ENOMEM;
		goto out;
	}
	r = yesDialog(msg, NULL) ? 0 : -EINVAL;
	free(msg);
	if (r < 0)
		goto out;

	r = crypt_parse_name_and_mode(opt_cipher ?: DEFAULT_CIPHER(LUKS1),
				      cipher, NULL, cipher_mode);
	if (r < 0) {
		log_err(_("No known cipher specification pattern detected.\n"));
		goto out;
	}

	/* Never call pwquality if using null cipher */
	if (tools_is_cipher_null(cipher))
		opt_force_password = 1;

	if ((r = crypt_init(&cd, header_device))) {
		if (opt_header_device)
			log_err(_("Cannot use %s as on-disk header.\n"), header_device);
		goto out;
	}

	keysize = (opt_key_size ?: DEFAULT_LUKS1_KEYBITS) / 8;

	crypt_set_timeout(cd, opt_timeout);
	if (opt_iteration_time)
		crypt_set_iteration_time(cd, opt_iteration_time);

	if (opt_random)
		crypt_set_rng_type(cd, CRYPT_RNG_RANDOM);
	else if (opt_urandom)
		crypt_set_rng_type(cd, CRYPT_RNG_URANDOM);

	r = tools_get_key(_("Enter passphrase: "), &password, &passwordLen,
			  opt_keyfile_offset, opt_keyfile_size, opt_key_file,
			  opt_timeout, _verify_passphrase(1), 1, cd);
	if (r < 0)
		goto out;

	if (opt_master_key_file) {
		r = _read_mk(opt_master_key_file, &key, keysize);
		if (r < 0)
			goto out;
	}

	r = crypt_format(cd, CRYPT_LUKS1, cipher, cipher_mode,
			 opt_uuid, key, keysize, &params);
	check_signal(&r);
	if (r < 0)
		goto out;

	r = crypt_keyslot_add_by_volume_key(cd, opt_key_slot,
					    key, keysize,
					    password, passwordLen);
out:
	crypt_free(cd);
	crypt_safe_free(key);
	crypt_safe_free(password);

	return r;
}

static int action_open_luks(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	const char *data_device, *header_device, *activated_name;
	char *key = NULL;
	uint32_t activate_flags = 0;
	int r, keysize;

	header_device = uuid_or_device_header(&data_device);

	activated_name = opt_test_passphrase ? NULL : action_argv[1];

	if ((r = crypt_init(&cd, header_device)))
		goto out;

	if ((r = crypt_load(cd, CRYPT_LUKS1, NULL)))
		goto out;

	if (data_device &&
	    (r = crypt_set_data_device(cd, data_device)))
		goto out;

	if (!data_device && (crypt_get_data_offset(cd) < 8)) {
		log_err(_("Reduced data offset is allowed only for detached LUKS header.\n"));
		r = -EINVAL;
		goto out;
	}

	crypt_set_timeout(cd, opt_timeout);
	crypt_set_password_retry(cd, opt_tries);
	crypt_set_password_verify(cd, _verify_passphrase(0));

	if (opt_iteration_time)
		crypt_set_iteration_time(cd, opt_iteration_time);

	_set_activation_flags(&activate_flags);

	if (opt_master_key_file) {
		keysize = crypt_get_volume_key_size(cd);
		r = _read_mk(opt_master_key_file, &key, keysize);
		if (r < 0)
			goto out;
		r = crypt_activate_by_volume_key(cd, activated_name,
						 key, keysize, activate_flags);
	} else if (opt_key_file) {
		crypt_set_password_retry(cd, 1);
		r = crypt_activate_by_keyfile_offset(cd, activated_name,
			opt_key_slot, opt_key_file, opt_keyfile_size,
			opt_keyfile_offset, activate_flags);
	} else
		r = crypt_activate_by_passphrase(cd, activated_name,
			opt_key_slot, NULL, 0, activate_flags);
out:
	crypt_safe_free(key);
	crypt_free(cd);
	return r;
}

static int verify_keyslot(struct crypt_device *cd, int key_slot,
			  char *msg_last, char *msg_pass,
			  const char *key_file, int keyfile_offset,
			  int keyfile_size)
{
	crypt_keyslot_info ki;
	char *password = NULL;
	size_t passwordLen;
	int i, r;

	ki = crypt_keyslot_status(cd, key_slot);
	if (ki == CRYPT_SLOT_ACTIVE_LAST && msg_last && !yesDialog(msg_last, NULL))
		return -EPERM;

	r = tools_get_key(msg_pass, &password, &passwordLen,
			  keyfile_offset, keyfile_size, key_file, opt_timeout,
			  _verify_passphrase(0), 0, cd);
	if(r < 0)
		goto out;

	if (ki == CRYPT_SLOT_ACTIVE_LAST) {
		/* check the last keyslot */
		r = crypt_activate_by_passphrase(cd, NULL, key_slot,
						 password, passwordLen, 0);
	} else {
		/* try all other keyslots */
		for (i = 0; i < crypt_keyslot_max(CRYPT_LUKS1); i++) {
			if (i == key_slot)
				continue;
			ki = crypt_keyslot_status(cd, key_slot);
			if (ki == CRYPT_SLOT_ACTIVE)
			r = crypt_activate_by_passphrase(cd, NULL, i,
							 password, passwordLen, 0);
			if (r == i)
				break;
		}
	}

	if (r == -EPERM)
		log_err(_("No key available with this passphrase.\n"));
out:
	crypt_safe_free(password);
	return r;
}

static int action_luksKillSlot(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	int r;

	if ((r = crypt_init(&cd, uuid_or_device_header(NULL))))
		goto out;

	crypt_set_confirm_callback(cd, yesDialog, NULL);
	crypt_set_timeout(cd, opt_timeout);

	if ((r = crypt_load(cd, CRYPT_LUKS1, NULL)))
		goto out;

	switch (crypt_keyslot_status(cd, opt_key_slot)) {
	case CRYPT_SLOT_ACTIVE_LAST:
	case CRYPT_SLOT_ACTIVE:
		log_verbose(_("Key slot %d selected for deletion.\n"), opt_key_slot);
		break;
	case CRYPT_SLOT_INACTIVE:
		log_err(_("Key %d not active. Can't wipe.\n"), opt_key_slot);
	case CRYPT_SLOT_INVALID:
		r = -EINVAL;
		goto out;
	}

	if (!opt_batch_mode) {
		r = verify_keyslot(cd, opt_key_slot,
			_("This is the last keyslot. Device will become unusable after purging this key."),
			_("Enter any remaining passphrase: "),
			opt_key_file, opt_keyfile_offset, opt_keyfile_size);
		if (r < 0)
			goto out;
	}

	r = crypt_keyslot_destroy(cd, opt_key_slot);
out:
	crypt_free(cd);
	return r;
}

static int action_luksRemoveKey(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	char *password = NULL;
	size_t passwordLen;
	int r;

	if ((r = crypt_init(&cd, uuid_or_device_header(NULL))))
		goto out;

	crypt_set_confirm_callback(cd, yesDialog, NULL);
	crypt_set_timeout(cd, opt_timeout);

	if ((r = crypt_load(cd, CRYPT_LUKS1, NULL)))
		goto out;

	r = tools_get_key(_("Enter passphrase to be deleted: "),
		      &password, &passwordLen,
		      opt_keyfile_offset, opt_keyfile_size, opt_key_file,
		      opt_timeout,
		      _verify_passphrase(0), 0,
		      cd);
	if(r < 0)
		goto out;

	r = crypt_activate_by_passphrase(cd, NULL, CRYPT_ANY_SLOT,
					 password, passwordLen, 0);
	check_signal(&r);
	if (r < 0)
		goto out;

	opt_key_slot = r;
	log_verbose(_("Key slot %d selected for deletion.\n"), opt_key_slot);

	if (crypt_keyslot_status(cd, opt_key_slot) == CRYPT_SLOT_ACTIVE_LAST &&
	    !yesDialog(_("This is the last keyslot. "
			  "Device will become unusable after purging this key."),
			NULL)) {
		r = -EPERM;
		goto out;
	}

	r = crypt_keyslot_destroy(cd, opt_key_slot);
out:
	crypt_safe_free(password);
	crypt_free(cd);
	return r;
}

static int action_luksAddKey(void)
{
	int r = -EINVAL, keysize = 0;
	char *key = NULL;
	const char *opt_new_key_file = (action_argc > 1 ? action_argv[1] : NULL);
	char *password = NULL, *password_new = NULL;
	size_t password_size = 0, password_new_size = 0;
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;

	if ((r = crypt_init(&cd, uuid_or_device_header(NULL))))
		goto out;

	crypt_set_confirm_callback(cd, yesDialog, NULL);

	if ((r = crypt_load(cd, CRYPT_LUKS1, NULL)))
		goto out;

	/* Never call pwquality if using null cipher */
	if (tools_is_cipher_null(crypt_get_cipher(cd)))
		opt_force_password = 1;

	keysize = crypt_get_volume_key_size(cd);
	/* FIXME: lib cannot properly set verification for new/old passphrase */
	crypt_set_password_verify(cd, _verify_passphrase(0));
	crypt_set_timeout(cd, opt_timeout);
	if (opt_iteration_time)
		crypt_set_iteration_time(cd, opt_iteration_time);

	if (opt_master_key_file) {
		r = _read_mk(opt_master_key_file, &key, keysize);
		if (r < 0)
			goto out;

		r = crypt_volume_key_verify(cd, key, keysize);
		check_signal(&r);
		if (r < 0)
			goto out;

		r = tools_get_key(_("Enter new passphrase for key slot: "),
				  &password_new, &password_new_size,
				  opt_new_keyfile_offset, opt_new_keyfile_size,
				  opt_new_key_file, opt_timeout,
				  _verify_passphrase(1), 1, cd);
		if (r < 0)
			goto out;

		r = crypt_keyslot_add_by_volume_key(cd, opt_key_slot, key, keysize,
						    password_new, password_new_size);
	} else if (opt_key_file && !tools_is_stdin(opt_key_file) &&
		   opt_new_key_file && !tools_is_stdin(opt_new_key_file)) {
		r = crypt_keyslot_add_by_keyfile_offset(cd, opt_key_slot,
			opt_key_file, opt_keyfile_size, opt_keyfile_offset,
			opt_new_key_file, opt_new_keyfile_size, opt_new_keyfile_offset);
	} else {
		r = tools_get_key(_("Enter any existing passphrase: "),
			      &password, &password_size,
			      opt_keyfile_offset, opt_keyfile_size, opt_key_file,
			      opt_timeout, _verify_passphrase(0), 0, cd);

		if (r < 0)
			goto out;

		/* Check password before asking for new one */
		r = crypt_activate_by_passphrase(cd, NULL, CRYPT_ANY_SLOT,
						 password, password_size, 0);
		check_signal(&r);
		if (r < 0)
			goto out;

		r = tools_get_key(_("Enter new passphrase for key slot: "),
				  &password_new, &password_new_size,
				  opt_new_keyfile_offset, opt_new_keyfile_size, opt_new_key_file,
				  opt_timeout, _verify_passphrase(1), opt_new_key_file ? 0 : 1, cd);
		if (r < 0)
			goto out;

		r = crypt_keyslot_add_by_passphrase(cd, opt_key_slot,
						    password, password_size,
						    password_new, password_new_size);
	}
out:
	crypt_safe_free(password);
	crypt_safe_free(password_new);
	crypt_safe_free(key);
	crypt_free(cd);
	return r;
}

static int action_luksChangeKey(void)
{
	const char *opt_new_key_file = (action_argc > 1 ? action_argv[1] : NULL);
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	char *password = NULL, *password_new = NULL;
	size_t password_size = 0, password_new_size = 0;
	int r;

	if ((r = crypt_init(&cd, uuid_or_device_header(NULL))))
		goto out;

	if ((r = crypt_load(cd, CRYPT_LUKS1, NULL)))
		goto out;

	/* Never call pwquality if using null cipher */
	if (tools_is_cipher_null(crypt_get_cipher(cd)))
		opt_force_password = 1;

	if (opt_iteration_time)
		crypt_set_iteration_time(cd, opt_iteration_time);

	r = tools_get_key(_("Enter passphrase to be changed: "),
		      &password, &password_size,
		      opt_keyfile_offset, opt_keyfile_size, opt_key_file,
		      opt_timeout, _verify_passphrase(0), 0, cd);
	if (r < 0)
		goto out;

	/* Check password before asking for new one */
	r = crypt_activate_by_passphrase(cd, NULL, opt_key_slot,
					 password, password_size, 0);
	check_signal(&r);
	if (r < 0)
		goto out;

	r = tools_get_key(_("Enter new passphrase: "),
			  &password_new, &password_new_size,
			  opt_new_keyfile_offset, opt_new_keyfile_size,
			  opt_new_key_file,
			  opt_timeout, _verify_passphrase(1), 1, cd);
	if (r < 0)
		goto out;

	r = crypt_keyslot_change_by_passphrase(cd, opt_key_slot, opt_key_slot,
		password, password_size, password_new, password_new_size);
out:
	crypt_safe_free(password);
	crypt_safe_free(password_new);
	crypt_free(cd);
	return r;
}

static int action_isLuks(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	int r;

	/* FIXME: argc > max should be checked for other operations as well */
	if (action_argc > 1) {
		log_err(_("Only one device argument for isLuks operation is supported.\n"));
		return -ENODEV;
	}

	if ((r = crypt_init(&cd, uuid_or_device_header(NULL))))
		goto out;

	crypt_set_log_callback(cd, quiet_log, NULL);
	r = crypt_load(cd, CRYPT_LUKS1, NULL);
out:
	crypt_free(cd);
	return r;
}

static int action_luksUUID(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	const char *existing_uuid = NULL;
	int r;

	if ((r = crypt_init(&cd, uuid_or_device_header(NULL))))
		goto out;

	crypt_set_confirm_callback(cd, yesDialog, NULL);

	if ((r = crypt_load(cd, CRYPT_LUKS1, NULL)))
		goto out;

	if (opt_uuid)
		r = crypt_set_uuid(cd, opt_uuid);
	else {
		existing_uuid = crypt_get_uuid(cd);
		log_std("%s\n", existing_uuid ?: "");
		r = existing_uuid ? 0 : 1;
	}
out:
	crypt_free(cd);
	return r;
}

static int luksDump_with_volume_key(struct crypt_device *cd)
{
	char *vk = NULL, *password = NULL;
	size_t passwordLen = 0;
	size_t vk_size;
	unsigned i;
	int r;

	crypt_set_confirm_callback(cd, yesDialog, NULL);
	if (!yesDialog(
	    _("Header dump with volume key is sensitive information\n"
	      "which allows access to encrypted partition without passphrase.\n"
	      "This dump should be always stored encrypted on safe place."),
	      NULL))
		return -EPERM;

	vk_size = crypt_get_volume_key_size(cd);
	vk = crypt_safe_alloc(vk_size);
	if (!vk)
		return -ENOMEM;

	r = tools_get_key(_("Enter passphrase: "), &password, &passwordLen,
			  opt_keyfile_offset, opt_keyfile_size, opt_key_file,
			  opt_timeout, 0, 0, cd);
	if (r < 0)
		goto out;

	r = crypt_volume_key_get(cd, CRYPT_ANY_SLOT, vk, &vk_size,
				 password, passwordLen);
	check_signal(&r);
	if (r < 0)
		goto out;

	log_std("LUKS header information for %s\n", crypt_get_device_name(cd));
	log_std("Cipher name:   \t%s\n", crypt_get_cipher(cd));
	log_std("Cipher mode:   \t%s\n", crypt_get_cipher_mode(cd));
	log_std("Payload offset:\t%d\n", (int)crypt_get_data_offset(cd));
	log_std("UUID:          \t%s\n", crypt_get_uuid(cd));
	log_std("MK bits:       \t%d\n", (int)vk_size * 8);
	log_std("MK dump:\t");

	for(i = 0; i < vk_size; i++) {
		if (i && !(i % 16))
			log_std("\n\t\t");
		log_std("%02hhx ", (char)vk[i]);
	}
	log_std("\n");

out:
	crypt_safe_free(password);
	crypt_safe_free(vk);
	return r;
}

static int action_luksDump(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	int r;

	if ((r = crypt_init(&cd, uuid_or_device_header(NULL))))
		goto out;

	if ((r = crypt_load(cd, CRYPT_LUKS1, NULL)))
		goto out;

	if (opt_dump_master_key)
		r = luksDump_with_volume_key(cd);
	else
		r = crypt_dump(cd);
out:
	crypt_free(cd);
	return r;
}

static int action_luksSuspend(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	int r;

	r = crypt_init_by_name_and_header(&cd, action_argv[0], uuid_or_device(opt_header_device));
	if (!r)
		r = crypt_suspend(cd, action_argv[0]);

	crypt_free(cd);
	return r;
}

static int action_luksResume(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	int r;

	if ((r = crypt_init_by_name_and_header(&cd, action_argv[0], uuid_or_device(opt_header_device))))
		goto out;

	crypt_set_timeout(cd, opt_timeout);
	crypt_set_password_retry(cd, opt_tries);
	crypt_set_password_verify(cd, _verify_passphrase(0));

	if (opt_key_file)
		r = crypt_resume_by_keyfile_offset(cd, action_argv[0], CRYPT_ANY_SLOT,
			opt_key_file, opt_keyfile_size, opt_keyfile_offset);
	else
		r = crypt_resume_by_passphrase(cd, action_argv[0], CRYPT_ANY_SLOT,
					       NULL, 0);
out:
	crypt_free(cd);
	return r;
}

static int action_luksBackup(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	int r;

	if (!opt_header_backup_file) {
		log_err(_("Option --header-backup-file is required.\n"));
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	if ((r = crypt_init(&cd, uuid_or_device_header(NULL))))
		goto out;

	crypt_set_confirm_callback(cd, yesDialog, NULL);

	r = crypt_header_backup(cd, CRYPT_LUKS1, opt_header_backup_file);
out:
	crypt_free(cd);
	return r;
}

static int action_luksRestore(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	int r = 0;

	if (!opt_header_backup_file) {
		log_err(_("Option --header-backup-file is required.\n"));
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	if ((r = crypt_init(&cd, uuid_or_device_header(NULL))))
		goto out;

	crypt_set_confirm_callback(cd, yesDialog, NULL);
	r = crypt_header_restore(cd, CRYPT_LUKS1, opt_header_backup_file);
out:
	crypt_free(cd);
	return r;
}

static int action_open(void)
{
	if (!opt_type)
		return -EINVAL;

	if (!strcmp(opt_type, "luks") || !strcmp(opt_type, "luks1")) {
		if (action_argc < 2 && !opt_test_passphrase)
			goto args;
		return action_open_luks();
	} else if (!strcmp(opt_type, "plain")) {
		if (action_argc < 2)
			goto args;
		return action_open_plain();
	} else if (!strcmp(opt_type, "loopaes")) {
		if (action_argc < 2)
			goto args;
		return action_open_loopaes();
	} else if (!strcmp(opt_type, "tcrypt")) {
		if (action_argc < 2 && !opt_test_passphrase)
			goto args;
		return action_open_tcrypt();
	}

	log_err(_("Unrecognized metadata device type %s.\n"), opt_type);
	return -EINVAL;
args:
	log_err(_("Command requires device and mapped name as arguments.\n"));
	return -EINVAL;
}

static int action_luksErase(void)
{
	struct crypt_device *cd = NULL;
	crypt_keyslot_info ki;
	char *msg = NULL;
	int i, r;

	if ((r = crypt_init(&cd, uuid_or_device_header(NULL))))
		goto out;

	crypt_set_confirm_callback(cd, yesDialog, NULL);

	if ((r = crypt_load(cd, CRYPT_LUKS1, NULL)))
		goto out;

	if(asprintf(&msg, _("This operation will erase all keyslots on device %s.\n"
			    "Device will become unusable after this operation."),
			    uuid_or_device_header(NULL)) == -1) {
		r = -ENOMEM;
		goto out;
	}

	if (!yesDialog(msg, NULL)) {
		r = -EPERM;
		goto out;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < crypt_keyslot_max(CRYPT_LUKS1); i++) {
		ki = crypt_keyslot_status(cd, i);
		if (ki == CRYPT_SLOT_ACTIVE || ki == CRYPT_SLOT_ACTIVE_LAST) {
			r = crypt_keyslot_destroy(cd, i);
			if (r < 0)
				goto out;
		}
	}
out:
	free(msg);
	crypt_free(cd);
	return r;
}

static struct action_type {
	const char *type;
	int (*handler)(void);
	int required_action_argc;
	int required_memlock;
	const char *arg_desc;
	const char *desc;
} action_types[] = {
	{ "open",         action_open,         1, 1, N_("<device> [--type <type>] [<name>]"),N_("open device as mapping <name>") },
	{ "close",        action_close,        1, 1, N_("<name>"), N_("close device (remove mapping)") },
	{ "resize",       action_resize,       1, 1, N_("<name>"), N_("resize active device") },
	{ "status",       action_status,       1, 0, N_("<name>"), N_("show device status") },
	{ "benchmark",    action_benchmark,    0, 0, N_("<name>"), N_("benchmark cipher") },
	{ "repair",       action_luksRepair,   1, 1, N_("<device>"), N_("try to repair on-disk metadata") },
	{ "erase",        action_luksErase ,   1, 1, N_("<device>"), N_("erase all keyslots (remove encryption key)") },
	{ "luksFormat",   action_luksFormat,   1, 1, N_("<device> [<new key file>]"), N_("formats a LUKS device") },
	{ "luksAddKey",   action_luksAddKey,   1, 1, N_("<device> [<new key file>]"), N_("add key to LUKS device") },
	{ "luksRemoveKey",action_luksRemoveKey,1, 1, N_("<device> [<key file>]"), N_("removes supplied key or key file from LUKS device") },
	{ "luksChangeKey",action_luksChangeKey,1, 1, N_("<device> [<key file>]"), N_("changes supplied key or key file of LUKS device") },
	{ "luksKillSlot", action_luksKillSlot, 2, 1, N_("<device> <key slot>"), N_("wipes key with number <key slot> from LUKS device") },
	{ "luksUUID",     action_luksUUID,     1, 0, N_("<device>"), N_("print UUID of LUKS device") },
	{ "isLuks",       action_isLuks,       1, 0, N_("<device>"), N_("tests <device> for LUKS partition header") },
	{ "luksDump",     action_luksDump,     1, 1, N_("<device>"), N_("dump LUKS partition information") },
	{ "tcryptDump",   action_tcryptDump,   1, 1, N_("<device>"), N_("dump TCRYPT device information") },
	{ "luksSuspend",  action_luksSuspend,  1, 1, N_("<device>"), N_("Suspend LUKS device and wipe key (all IOs are frozen).") },
	{ "luksResume",   action_luksResume,   1, 1, N_("<device>"), N_("Resume suspended LUKS device.") },
	{ "luksHeaderBackup", action_luksBackup,1,1, N_("<device>"), N_("Backup LUKS device header and keyslots") },
	{ "luksHeaderRestore",action_luksRestore,1,1,N_("<device>"), N_("Restore LUKS device header and keyslots") },
	{}
};

static void help(poptContext popt_context,
		 enum poptCallbackReason reason __attribute__((unused)),
		 struct poptOption *key,
		 const char *arg __attribute__((unused)),
		 void *data __attribute__((unused)))
{
	if (key->shortName == '?') {
		struct action_type *action;

		log_std("%s\n",PACKAGE_STRING);

		poptPrintHelp(popt_context, stdout, 0);

		log_std(_("\n"
			 "<action> is one of:\n"));

		for(action = action_types; action->type; action++)
			log_std("\t%s %s - %s\n", action->type, _(action->arg_desc), _(action->desc));

		log_std(_("\n"
			  "You can also use old <action> syntax aliases:\n"
			  "\topen: create (plainOpen), luksOpen, loopaesOpen, tcryptOpen\n"
			  "\tclose: remove (plainClose), luksClose, loopaesClose, tcryptClose\n"));
		log_std(_("\n"
			 "<name> is the device to create under %s\n"
			 "<device> is the encrypted device\n"
			 "<key slot> is the LUKS key slot number to modify\n"
			 "<key file> optional key file for the new key for luksAddKey action\n"),
			crypt_get_dir());

		log_std(_("\nDefault compiled-in key and passphrase parameters:\n"
			 "\tMaximum keyfile size: %dkB, "
			 "Maximum interactive passphrase length %d (characters)\n"
			 "Default PBKDF2 iteration time for LUKS: %d (ms)\n"),
			 DEFAULT_KEYFILE_SIZE_MAXKB, DEFAULT_PASSPHRASE_SIZE_MAX,
			 DEFAULT_LUKS1_ITER_TIME);

		log_std(_("\nDefault compiled-in device cipher parameters:\n"
			 "\tloop-AES: %s, Key %d bits\n"
			 "\tplain: %s, Key: %d bits, Password hashing: %s\n"
			 "\tLUKS1: %s, Key: %d bits, LUKS header hashing: %s, RNG: %s\n"),
			 DEFAULT_LOOPAES_CIPHER, DEFAULT_LOOPAES_KEYBITS,
			 DEFAULT_CIPHER(PLAIN), DEFAULT_PLAIN_KEYBITS, DEFAULT_PLAIN_HASH,
			 DEFAULT_CIPHER(LUKS1), DEFAULT_LUKS1_KEYBITS, DEFAULT_LUKS1_HASH,
			 DEFAULT_RNG);
		exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
	} else
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_SUCCESS, NULL, NULL);
}

static void help_args(struct action_type *action, poptContext popt_context)
{
	char buf[128];

	snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), _("%s: requires %s as arguments"), action->type, action->arg_desc);
	usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE, buf, poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));
}

static int run_action(struct action_type *action)
{
	int r;

	log_dbg("Running command %s.", action->type);

	if (action->required_memlock)
		crypt_memory_lock(NULL, 1);

	set_int_handler(0);
	r = action->handler();

	if (action->required_memlock)
		crypt_memory_lock(NULL, 0);

	/* Some functions returns keyslot # */
	if (r > 0)
		r = 0;
	check_signal(&r);

	show_status(r);
	return translate_errno(r);
}

int main(int argc, const char **argv)
{
	static char *popt_tmp;
	static struct poptOption popt_help_options[] = {
		{ NULL,    '\0', POPT_ARG_CALLBACK, help, 0, NULL,                         NULL },
		{ "help",  '?',  POPT_ARG_NONE,     NULL, 0, N_("Show this help message"), NULL },
		{ "usage", '\0', POPT_ARG_NONE,     NULL, 0, N_("Display brief usage"),    NULL },
		POPT_TABLEEND
	};
	static struct poptOption popt_options[] = {
		{ NULL,                '\0', POPT_ARG_INCLUDE_TABLE, popt_help_options, 0, N_("Help options:"), NULL },
		{ "version",           '\0', POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_version_mode,          0, N_("Print package version"), NULL },
		{ "verbose",           'v',  POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_verbose,               0, N_("Shows more detailed error messages"), NULL },
		{ "debug",             '\0', POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_debug,                 0, N_("Show debug messages"), NULL },
		{ "cipher",            'c',  POPT_ARG_STRING, &opt_cipher,              0, N_("The cipher used to encrypt the disk (see /proc/crypto)"), NULL },
		{ "hash",              'h',  POPT_ARG_STRING, &opt_hash,                0, N_("The hash used to create the encryption key from the passphrase"), NULL },
		{ "verify-passphrase", 'y',  POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_verify_passphrase,     0, N_("Verifies the passphrase by asking for it twice"), NULL },
		{ "key-file",          'd',  POPT_ARG_STRING, &opt_key_file,            5, N_("Read the key from a file."), NULL },
		{ "master-key-file",  '\0',  POPT_ARG_STRING, &opt_master_key_file,     0, N_("Read the volume (master) key from file."), NULL },
		{ "dump-master-key",  '\0',  POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_dump_master_key,       0, N_("Dump volume (master) key instead of keyslots info."), NULL },
		{ "key-size",          's',  POPT_ARG_INT, &opt_key_size,               0, N_("The size of the encryption key"), N_("BITS") },
		{ "keyfile-size",      'l',  POPT_ARG_LONG, &opt_keyfile_size,          0, N_("Limits the read from keyfile"), N_("bytes") },
		{ "keyfile-offset",   '\0',  POPT_ARG_LONG, &opt_keyfile_offset,        0, N_("Number of bytes to skip in keyfile"), N_("bytes") },
		{ "new-keyfile-size", '\0',  POPT_ARG_LONG, &opt_new_keyfile_size,      0, N_("Limits the read from newly added keyfile"), N_("bytes") },
		{ "new-keyfile-offset",'\0', POPT_ARG_LONG, &opt_new_keyfile_offset,    0, N_("Number of bytes to skip in newly added keyfile"), N_("bytes") },
		{ "key-slot",          'S',  POPT_ARG_INT, &opt_key_slot,               0, N_("Slot number for new key (default is first free)"), NULL },
		{ "size",              'b',  POPT_ARG_STRING, &popt_tmp,                1, N_("The size of the device"), N_("SECTORS") },
		{ "offset",            'o',  POPT_ARG_STRING, &popt_tmp,                2, N_("The start offset in the backend device"), N_("SECTORS") },
		{ "skip",              'p',  POPT_ARG_STRING, &popt_tmp,                3, N_("How many sectors of the encrypted data to skip at the beginning"), N_("SECTORS") },
		{ "readonly",          'r',  POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_readonly,              0, N_("Create a readonly mapping"), NULL },
		{ "iter-time",         'i',  POPT_ARG_INT, &opt_iteration_time,         0, N_("PBKDF2 iteration time for LUKS (in ms)"), N_("msecs") },
		{ "batch-mode",        'q',  POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_batch_mode,            0, N_("Do not ask for confirmation"), NULL },
		{ "timeout",           't',  POPT_ARG_INT, &opt_timeout,                0, N_("Timeout for interactive passphrase prompt (in seconds)"), N_("secs") },
		{ "tries",             'T',  POPT_ARG_INT, &opt_tries,                  0, N_("How often the input of the passphrase can be retried"), NULL },
		{ "align-payload",     '\0', POPT_ARG_INT, &opt_align_payload,          0, N_("Align payload at <n> sector boundaries - for luksFormat"), N_("SECTORS") },
		{ "header-backup-file",'\0', POPT_ARG_STRING, &opt_header_backup_file,  0, N_("File with LUKS header and keyslots backup."), NULL },
		{ "use-random",        '\0', POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_random,                0, N_("Use /dev/random for generating volume key."), NULL },
		{ "use-urandom",       '\0', POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_urandom,               0, N_("Use /dev/urandom for generating volume key."), NULL },
		{ "shared",            '\0', POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_shared,                0, N_("Share device with another non-overlapping crypt segment."), NULL },
		{ "uuid",              '\0', POPT_ARG_STRING, &opt_uuid,                0, N_("UUID for device to use."), NULL },
		{ "allow-discards",    '\0', POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_allow_discards,        0, N_("Allow discards (aka TRIM) requests for device."), NULL },
		{ "header",            '\0', POPT_ARG_STRING, &opt_header_device,       0, N_("Device or file with separated LUKS header."), NULL },
		{ "test-passphrase",   '\0', POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_test_passphrase,       0, N_("Do not activate device, just check passphrase."), NULL },
		{ "tcrypt-hidden",     '\0', POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_tcrypt_hidden,         0, N_("Use hidden header (hidden TCRYPT device)."), NULL },
		{ "tcrypt-system",     '\0', POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_tcrypt_system,         0, N_("Device is system TCRYPT drive (with bootloader)."), NULL },
		{ "tcrypt-backup",     '\0', POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_tcrypt_backup,         0, N_("Use backup (secondary) TCRYPT header."), NULL },
		{ "veracrypt",         '\0', POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_veracrypt,             0, N_("Scan also for VeraCrypt compatible device."), NULL },
		{ "type",               'M', POPT_ARG_STRING, &opt_type,                0, N_("Type of device metadata: luks, plain, loopaes, tcrypt."), NULL },
		{ "force-password",    '\0', POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_force_password,        0, N_("Disable password quality check (if enabled)."), NULL },
		{ "perf-same_cpu_crypt",'\0', POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_perf_same_cpu_crypt,  0, N_("Use dm-crypt same_cpu_crypt performance compatibility option."), NULL },
		{ "perf-submit_from_crypt_cpus",'\0', POPT_ARG_NONE, &opt_perf_submit_from_crypt_cpus,0,N_("Use dm-crypt submit_from_crypt_cpus performance compatibility option."), NULL },
		POPT_TABLEEND
	};
	poptContext popt_context;
	struct action_type *action;
	const char *aname;
	int r;

	crypt_set_log_callback(NULL, tool_log, NULL);

	setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
	bindtextdomain(PACKAGE, LOCALEDIR);
	textdomain(PACKAGE);

	popt_context = poptGetContext(PACKAGE, argc, argv, popt_options, 0);
	poptSetOtherOptionHelp(popt_context,
	                       _("[OPTION...] <action> <action-specific>"));

	while((r = poptGetNextOpt(popt_context)) > 0) {
		unsigned long long ull_value;
		char *endp;

		if (r == 5) {
			if (opt_keyfiles_count < MAX_KEYFILES)
				opt_keyfiles[opt_keyfiles_count++] = poptGetOptArg(popt_context);
			continue;
		}

		errno = 0;
		ull_value = strtoull(popt_tmp, &endp, 0);
		if (*endp || !*popt_tmp ||
		    (errno == ERANGE && ull_value == ULLONG_MAX) ||
		    (errno != 0 && ull_value == 0))
			r = POPT_ERROR_BADNUMBER;

		switch(r) {
			case 1:
				opt_size = ull_value;
				break;
			case 2:
				opt_offset = ull_value;
				break;
			case 3:
				opt_skip = ull_value;
				opt_skip_valid = 1;
				break;
		}

		if (r < 0)
			break;
	}

	if (r < -1)
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE, poptStrerror(r),
		      poptBadOption(popt_context, POPT_BADOPTION_NOALIAS));

	if (opt_version_mode) {
		log_std("%s %s\n", PACKAGE_NAME, PACKAGE_VERSION);
		poptFreeContext(popt_context);
		exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
	}

	if (!(aname = poptGetArg(popt_context)))
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE, _("Argument <action> missing."),
		      poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	action_argc = 0;
	action_argv = poptGetArgs(popt_context);
	/* Make return values of poptGetArgs more consistent in case of remaining argc = 0 */
	if(!action_argv)
		action_argv = null_action_argv;

	/* Count args, somewhat unnice, change? */
	while(action_argv[action_argc] != NULL)
		action_argc++;

	/* Handle aliases */
	if (!strcmp(aname, "create")) {
		/* create command had historically switched arguments */
		if (action_argv[0] && action_argv[1]) {
			const char *tmp = action_argv[0];
			action_argv[0] = action_argv[1];
			action_argv[1] = tmp;
		}
		aname = "open";
		opt_type = "plain";
	} else if (!strcmp(aname, "plainOpen")) {
		aname = "open";
		opt_type = "plain";
	} else if (!strcmp(aname, "luksOpen")) {
		aname = "open";
		opt_type = "luks";
	} else if (!strcmp(aname, "loopaesOpen")) {
		aname = "open";
		opt_type = "loopaes";
	} else if (!strcmp(aname, "tcryptOpen")) {
		aname = "open";
		opt_type = "tcrypt";
	} else if (!strcmp(aname, "tcryptDump")) {
		opt_type = "tcrypt";
	} else if (!strcmp(aname, "remove") ||
		   !strcmp(aname, "plainClose") ||
		   !strcmp(aname, "luksClose") ||
		   !strcmp(aname, "loopaesClose") ||
		   !strcmp(aname, "tcryptClose")) {
		aname = "close";
	} else if (!strcmp(aname, "luksErase")) {
		aname = "erase";
		opt_type = "luks";
	}

	for(action = action_types; action->type; action++)
		if (strcmp(action->type, aname) == 0)
			break;

	if (!action->type)
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE, _("Unknown action."),
		      poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	if (action_argc < action->required_action_argc)
		help_args(action, popt_context);

	/* FIXME: rewrite this from scratch */

	if (opt_shared && (strcmp(aname, "open") || strcmp(opt_type, "plain")) )
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE,
		      _("Option --shared is allowed only for open of plain device.\n"),
		      poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	if (opt_allow_discards && strcmp(aname, "open"))
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE,
		      _("Option --allow-discards is allowed only for open operation.\n"),
		      poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	if (opt_key_size &&
	   strcmp(aname, "luksFormat") &&
	   strcmp(aname, "open") &&
	   strcmp(aname, "benchmark"))
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE,
		      _("Option --key-size is allowed only for luksFormat, open and benchmark.\n"
		        "To limit read from keyfile use --keyfile-size=(bytes)."),
		      poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	if (opt_test_passphrase && (strcmp(aname, "open") ||
	    (strcmp(opt_type, "luks") && strcmp(opt_type, "tcrypt"))))
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE,
		      _("Option --test-passphrase is allowed only for open of LUKS and TCRYPT devices.\n"),
		      poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	if (opt_key_size % 8)
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE,
		      _("Key size must be a multiple of 8 bits"),
		      poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	if (!strcmp(aname, "luksKillSlot") && action_argc > 1)
		opt_key_slot = atoi(action_argv[1]);
	if (opt_key_slot != CRYPT_ANY_SLOT &&
	    (opt_key_slot < 0 || opt_key_slot >= crypt_keyslot_max(CRYPT_LUKS1)))
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE, _("Key slot is invalid."),
		      poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	if ((!strcmp(aname, "luksRemoveKey") ||
	     !strcmp(aname, "luksFormat")) &&
	     action_argc > 1) {
		if (opt_key_file)
			log_err(_("Option --key-file takes precedence over specified key file argument.\n"));
		else
			opt_key_file = action_argv[1];
	}

	if (opt_keyfile_size < 0 || opt_new_keyfile_size < 0 || opt_key_size < 0 ||
	    opt_keyfile_offset < 0 || opt_new_keyfile_offset < 0)
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE,
		      _("Negative number for option not permitted."),
		      poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	if (opt_random && opt_urandom)
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE, _("Only one of --use-[u]random options is allowed."),
		      poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	if ((opt_random || opt_urandom) && strcmp(aname, "luksFormat"))
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE, _("Option --use-[u]random is allowed only for luksFormat."),
		      poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	if (opt_uuid && strcmp(aname, "luksFormat") && strcmp(aname, "luksUUID"))
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE, _("Option --uuid is allowed only for luksFormat and luksUUID."),
		      poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	if (opt_align_payload && strcmp(aname, "luksFormat"))
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE, _("Option --align-payload is allowed only for luksFormat."),
		      poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	if (opt_skip && (strcmp(aname, "open") ||
	    (strcmp(opt_type, "plain") && strcmp(opt_type, "loopaes"))))
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE,
		_("Option --skip is supported only for open of plain and loopaes devices.\n"),
		poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	if (opt_offset && (strcmp(aname, "open") ||
	    (strcmp(opt_type, "plain") && strcmp(opt_type, "loopaes"))))
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE,
		_("Option --offset is supported only for open of plain and loopaes devices.\n"),
		poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	if ((opt_tcrypt_hidden || opt_tcrypt_system || opt_tcrypt_backup) && strcmp(aname, "tcryptDump") &&
	    (strcmp(aname, "open") || strcmp(opt_type, "tcrypt")))
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE,
		_("Option --tcrypt-hidden, --tcrypt-system or --tcrypt-backup is supported only for TCRYPT device.\n"),
		poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	if (opt_tcrypt_hidden && opt_allow_discards)
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE,
		_("Option --tcrypt-hidden cannot be combined with --allow-discards.\n"),
		poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	if (opt_veracrypt && strcmp(opt_type, "tcrypt"))
		usage(popt_context, EXIT_FAILURE,
		_("Option --veracrypt is supported only for TCRYPT device type.\n"),
		poptGetInvocationName(popt_context));

	if (opt_debug) {
		opt_verbose = 1;
		crypt_set_debug_level(-1);
		dbg_version_and_cmd(argc, argv);
	}

	r = run_action(action);
	poptFreeContext(popt_context);
	return r;
}