Import source for the clap_lex. am: 0b2fb64ff0 am: 8400ab8f5c am: 3e5c204390

Original change: https://android-review.googlesource.com/c/platform/external/rust/crates/clap_lex/+/2154244

Change-Id: I30b8496131cd7a9ea395ec514c8cf23baa1e5240
Signed-off-by: Automerger Merge Worker <android-build-automerger-merge-worker@system.gserviceaccount.com>

10 files changed, 869 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ef51210
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+# THIS FILE IS AUTOMATICALLY GENERATED BY CARGO
+#
+# When uploading crates to the registry Cargo will automatically
+# "normalize" Cargo.toml files for maximal compatibility
+# with all versions of Cargo and also rewrite `path` dependencies
+# to registry (e.g., crates.io) dependencies.
+#
+# If you are reading this file be aware that the original Cargo.toml
+# will likely look very different (and much more reasonable).
+# See Cargo.toml.orig for the original contents.
+
+[package]
+edition = "2021"
+rust-version = "1.56.1"
+name = "clap_lex"
+version = "0.2.4"
+include = [
+    "build.rs",
+    "src/**/*",
+    "Cargo.toml",
+    "LICENSE*",
+    "README.md",
+    "benches/**/*",
+    "examples/**/*",
+]
+description = "Minimal, flexible command line parser"
+keywords = [
+    "argument",
+    "cli",
+    "arg",
+    "parser",
+    "parse",
+]
+categories = ["command-line-interface"]
+license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
+repository = "https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/tree/master/clap_lex"
+resolver = "2"
+
+[[package.metadata.release.pre-release-replacements]]
+file = "CHANGELOG.md"
+search = "Unreleased"
+replace = "{{version}}"
+min = 1
+
+[[package.metadata.release.pre-release-replacements]]
+file = "CHANGELOG.md"
+search = '\.\.\.HEAD'
+replace = "...{{tag_name}}"
+exactly = 1
+
+[[package.metadata.release.pre-release-replacements]]
+file = "CHANGELOG.md"
+search = "ReleaseDate"
+replace = "{{date}}"
+min = 1
+
+[[package.metadata.release.pre-release-replacements]]
+file = "CHANGELOG.md"
+search = "<!-- next-header -->"
+replace = """
+<!-- next-header -->
+## [Unreleased] - ReleaseDate
+"""
+exactly = 1
+
+[[package.metadata.release.pre-release-replacements]]
+file = "CHANGELOG.md"
+search = "<!-- next-url -->"
+replace = """
+<!-- next-url -->
+[Unreleased]: https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/compare/{{tag_name}}...HEAD"""
+exactly = 1
+
+[[package.metadata.release.pre-release-replacements]]
+file = "README.md"
+search = "github.com/clap-rs/clap/blob/[^/]+/"
+replace = "github.com/clap-rs/clap/blob/{{tag_name}}/"
+exactly = 4
+prerelease = true
+
+[lib]
+bench = false
+
+[dependencies.os_str_bytes]
+version = "6.0"
+features = ["raw_os_str"]
+default-features = false
diff --git a/Cargo.toml.orig b/Cargo.toml.orig
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9883033
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Cargo.toml.orig
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+[package]
+name = "clap_lex"
+version = "0.2.4"
+description = "Minimal, flexible command line parser"
+repository = "https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/tree/master/clap_lex"
+categories = ["command-line-interface"]
+keywords = [
+  "argument",
+  "cli",
+  "arg",
+  "parser",
+  "parse"
+]
+license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
+edition = "2021"
+rust-version = "1.56.1"  # MSRV
+include = [
+  "build.rs",
+  "src/**/*",
+  "Cargo.toml",
+  "LICENSE*",
+  "README.md",
+  "benches/**/*",
+  "examples/**/*"
+]
+
+[package.metadata.release]
+pre-release-replacements = [
+  {file="CHANGELOG.md", search="Unreleased", replace="{{version}}", min=1},
+  {file="CHANGELOG.md", search="\\.\\.\\.HEAD", replace="...{{tag_name}}", exactly=1},
+  {file="CHANGELOG.md", search="ReleaseDate", replace="{{date}}", min=1},
+  {file="CHANGELOG.md", search="<!-- next-header -->", replace="<!-- next-header -->\n## [Unreleased] - ReleaseDate\n", exactly=1},
+  {file="CHANGELOG.md", search="<!-- next-url -->", replace="<!-- next-url -->\n[Unreleased]: https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/compare/{{tag_name}}...HEAD", exactly=1},
+  {file="README.md", search="github.com/clap-rs/clap/blob/[^/]+/", replace="github.com/clap-rs/clap/blob/{{tag_name}}/", exactly=4, prerelease = true},
+]
+
+[lib]
+bench = false
+
+[dependencies]
+os_str_bytes = { version = "6.0", default-features = false, features = ["raw_os_str"] }
diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE
new file mode 120000
index 0000000..7f9a88e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+LICENSE-MIT
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/LICENSE-APACHE b/LICENSE-APACHE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..261eeb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/LICENSE-APACHE
@@ -0,0 +1,201 @@
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diff --git a/LICENSE-MIT b/LICENSE-MIT
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b05b84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/LICENSE-MIT
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2015-2022 Kevin B. Knapp and Clap Contributors
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
+to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
+copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
diff --git a/METADATA b/METADATA
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..00604ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/METADATA
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+name: "clap_lex"
+description:
+    "Minimal, flexible command line parser."
+
+third_party {
+  url {
+    type: ARCHIVE
+    value:"https://crates.io/crates/clap_lex"
+  }
+  version: "0.2.4"
+  last_upgrade_date { year: 2022 month: 6 day: 30 }
+  license_type: NOTICE
+}
diff --git a/MODULE_LICENSE_MIT b/MODULE_LICENSE_MIT
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e69de29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/MODULE_LICENSE_MIT
diff --git a/OWNERS b/OWNERS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b6cf107
--- /dev/null
+++ b/OWNERS
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+chiw@google.com
+srhines@google.com
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..887b953
--- /dev/null
+++ b/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+<!-- omit in TOC -->
+# clap_lex
+
+> **Minimal, flexible command line parser**
+
+[![Crates.io](https://img.shields.io/crates/v/clap_lex?style=flat-square)](https://crates.io/crates/clap_lex)
+[![Crates.io](https://img.shields.io/crates/d/clap_lex?style=flat-square)](https://crates.io/crates/clap_lex)
+[![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-Apache%202.0-blue?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/blob/clap_lex-v0.2.4/LICENSE-APACHE)
+[![License](https://img.shields.io/badge/license-MIT-blue?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/blob/clap_lex-v0.2.4/LICENSE-MIT)
+
+Dual-licensed under [Apache 2.0](LICENSE-APACHE) or [MIT](LICENSE-MIT).
+
+1. [About](#about)
+2. [API Reference](https://docs.rs/clap_lex)
+3. [Questions & Discussions](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/discussions)
+4. [CONTRIBUTING](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/blob/clap_lex-v0.2.4/clap_lex/CONTRIBUTING.md)
+5. [Sponsors](https://github.com/clap-rs/clap/blob/clap_lex-v0.2.4/README.md#sponsors)
+
+## About
diff --git a/src/lib.rs b/src/lib.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f205c3d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/lib.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,484 @@
+//! Minimal, flexible command-line parser
+//!
+//! As opposed to a declarative parser, this processes arguments as a stream of tokens.  As lexing
+//! a command-line is not context-free, we rely on the caller to decide how to interpret the
+//! arguments.
+//!
+//! # Examples
+//!
+//! ```rust
+//! # use std::path::PathBuf;
+//! # type BoxedError = Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>;
+//! #[derive(Debug)]
+//! struct Args {
+//!     paths: Vec<PathBuf>,
+//!     color: Color,
+//!     verbosity: usize,
+//! }
+//!
+//! #[derive(Debug)]
+//! enum Color {
+//!     Always,
+//!     Auto,
+//!     Never,
+//! }
+//!
+//! impl Color {
+//!     fn parse(s: Option<&clap_lex::RawOsStr>) -> Result<Self, BoxedError> {
+//!         let s = s.map(|s| s.to_str().ok_or(s));
+//!         match s {
+//!             Some(Ok("always")) | Some(Ok("")) | None => {
+//!                 Ok(Color::Always)
+//!             }
+//!             Some(Ok("auto")) => {
+//!                 Ok(Color::Auto)
+//!             }
+//!             Some(Ok("never")) => {
+//!                 Ok(Color::Never)
+//!             }
+//!             Some(invalid) => {
+//!                 Err(format!("Invalid value for `--color`, {:?}", invalid).into())
+//!             }
+//!         }
+//!     }
+//! }
+//!
+//! fn parse_args(
+//!     raw: impl IntoIterator<Item=impl Into<std::ffi::OsString>>
+//! ) -> Result<Args, BoxedError> {
+//!     let mut args = Args {
+//!         paths: Vec::new(),
+//!         color: Color::Auto,
+//!         verbosity: 0,
+//!     };
+//!
+//!     let raw = clap_lex::RawArgs::new(raw);
+//!     let mut cursor = raw.cursor();
+//!     raw.next(&mut cursor);  // Skip the bin
+//!     while let Some(arg) = raw.next(&mut cursor) {
+//!         if arg.is_escape() {
+//!             args.paths.extend(raw.remaining(&mut cursor).map(PathBuf::from));
+//!         } else if arg.is_stdio() {
+//!             args.paths.push(PathBuf::from("-"));
+//!         } else if let Some((long, value)) = arg.to_long() {
+//!             match long {
+//!                 Ok("verbose") => {
+//!                     if let Some(value) = value {
+//!                         return Err(format!("`--verbose` does not take a value, got `{:?}`", value).into());
+//!                     }
+//!                     args.verbosity += 1;
+//!                 }
+//!                 Ok("color") => {
+//!                     args.color = Color::parse(value)?;
+//!                 }
+//!                 _ => {
+//!                     return Err(
+//!                         format!("Unexpected flag: --{}", arg.display()).into()
+//!                     );
+//!                 }
+//!             }
+//!         } else if let Some(mut shorts) = arg.to_short() {
+//!             while let Some(short) = shorts.next_flag() {
+//!                 match short {
+//!                     Ok('v') => {
+//!                         args.verbosity += 1;
+//!                     }
+//!                     Ok('c') => {
+//!                         let value = shorts.next_value_os();
+//!                         args.color = Color::parse(value)?;
+//!                     }
+//!                     Ok(c) => {
+//!                         return Err(format!("Unexpected flag: -{}", c).into());
+//!                     }
+//!                     Err(e) => {
+//!                         return Err(format!("Unexpected flag: -{}", e.to_str_lossy()).into());
+//!                     }
+//!                 }
+//!             }
+//!         } else {
+//!             args.paths.push(PathBuf::from(arg.to_value_os().to_os_str().into_owned()));
+//!         }
+//!     }
+//!
+//!     Ok(args)
+//! }
+//!
+//! let args = parse_args(["bin", "--hello", "world"]);
+//! println!("{:?}", args);
+//! ```
+
+use std::ffi::OsStr;
+use std::ffi::OsString;
+
+pub use std::io::SeekFrom;
+
+pub use os_str_bytes::RawOsStr;
+pub use os_str_bytes::RawOsString;
+
+/// Command-line arguments
+#[derive(Default, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct RawArgs {
+    items: Vec<OsString>,
+}
+
+impl RawArgs {
+    //// Create an argument list to parse
+    ///
+    /// **NOTE:** The argument returned will be the current binary.
+    ///
+    /// # Example
+    ///
+    /// ```rust,no_run
+    /// # use std::path::PathBuf;
+    /// let raw = clap_lex::RawArgs::from_args();
+    /// let mut cursor = raw.cursor();
+    /// let _bin = raw.next_os(&mut cursor);
+    ///
+    /// let mut paths = raw.remaining(&mut cursor).map(PathBuf::from).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    /// println!("{:?}", paths);
+    /// ```
+    pub fn from_args() -> Self {
+        Self::new(std::env::args_os())
+    }
+
+    //// Create an argument list to parse
+    ///
+    /// # Example
+    ///
+    /// ```rust,no_run
+    /// # use std::path::PathBuf;
+    /// let raw = clap_lex::RawArgs::new(["bin", "foo.txt"]);
+    /// let mut cursor = raw.cursor();
+    /// let _bin = raw.next_os(&mut cursor);
+    ///
+    /// let mut paths = raw.remaining(&mut cursor).map(PathBuf::from).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    /// println!("{:?}", paths);
+    /// ```
+    pub fn new(iter: impl IntoIterator<Item = impl Into<std::ffi::OsString>>) -> Self {
+        let iter = iter.into_iter();
+        Self::from(iter)
+    }
+
+    /// Create a cursor for walking the arguments
+    ///
+    /// # Example
+    ///
+    /// ```rust,no_run
+    /// # use std::path::PathBuf;
+    /// let raw = clap_lex::RawArgs::new(["bin", "foo.txt"]);
+    /// let mut cursor = raw.cursor();
+    /// let _bin = raw.next_os(&mut cursor);
+    ///
+    /// let mut paths = raw.remaining(&mut cursor).map(PathBuf::from).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    /// println!("{:?}", paths);
+    /// ```
+    pub fn cursor(&self) -> ArgCursor {
+        ArgCursor::new()
+    }
+
+    /// Advance the cursor, returning the next [`ParsedArg`]
+    pub fn next(&self, cursor: &mut ArgCursor) -> Option<ParsedArg<'_>> {
+        self.next_os(cursor).map(ParsedArg::new)
+    }
+
+    /// Advance the cursor, returning a raw argument value.
+    pub fn next_os(&self, cursor: &mut ArgCursor) -> Option<&OsStr> {
+        let next = self.items.get(cursor.cursor).map(|s| s.as_os_str());
+        cursor.cursor = cursor.cursor.saturating_add(1);
+        next
+    }
+
+    /// Return the next [`ParsedArg`]
+    pub fn peek(&self, cursor: &ArgCursor) -> Option<ParsedArg<'_>> {
+        self.peek_os(cursor).map(ParsedArg::new)
+    }
+
+    /// Return a raw argument value.
+    pub fn peek_os(&self, cursor: &ArgCursor) -> Option<&OsStr> {
+        self.items.get(cursor.cursor).map(|s| s.as_os_str())
+    }
+
+    /// Return all remaining raw arguments, advancing the cursor to the end
+    ///
+    /// # Example
+    ///
+    /// ```rust,no_run
+    /// # use std::path::PathBuf;
+    /// let raw = clap_lex::RawArgs::new(["bin", "foo.txt"]);
+    /// let mut cursor = raw.cursor();
+    /// let _bin = raw.next_os(&mut cursor);
+    ///
+    /// let mut paths = raw.remaining(&mut cursor).map(PathBuf::from).collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    /// println!("{:?}", paths);
+    /// ```
+    pub fn remaining(&self, cursor: &mut ArgCursor) -> impl Iterator<Item = &OsStr> {
+        let remaining = self.items[cursor.cursor..].iter().map(|s| s.as_os_str());
+        cursor.cursor = self.items.len();
+        remaining
+    }
+
+    /// Adjust the cursor's position
+    pub fn seek(&self, cursor: &mut ArgCursor, pos: SeekFrom) {
+        let pos = match pos {
+            SeekFrom::Start(pos) => pos,
+            SeekFrom::End(pos) => (self.items.len() as i64).saturating_add(pos).max(0) as u64,
+            SeekFrom::Current(pos) => (cursor.cursor as i64).saturating_add(pos).max(0) as u64,
+        };
+        let pos = (pos as usize).min(self.items.len());
+        cursor.cursor = pos;
+    }
+
+    /// Inject arguments before the [`RawArgs::next`]
+    pub fn insert(&mut self, cursor: &ArgCursor, insert_items: &[&str]) {
+        self.items.splice(
+            cursor.cursor..cursor.cursor,
+            insert_items.iter().map(OsString::from),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /// Any remaining args?
+    pub fn is_end(&self, cursor: &ArgCursor) -> bool {
+        self.peek_os(cursor).is_none()
+    }
+}
+
+impl<I, T> From<I> for RawArgs
+where
+    I: Iterator<Item = T>,
+    T: Into<OsString>,
+{
+    fn from(val: I) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            items: val.map(|x| x.into()).collect(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Position within [`RawArgs`]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+pub struct ArgCursor {
+    cursor: usize,
+}
+
+impl ArgCursor {
+    fn new() -> Self {
+        Self { cursor: 0 }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Command-line Argument
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Hash)]
+pub struct ParsedArg<'s> {
+    inner: std::borrow::Cow<'s, RawOsStr>,
+    utf8: Option<&'s str>,
+}
+
+impl<'s> ParsedArg<'s> {
+    fn new(inner: &'s OsStr) -> Self {
+        let utf8 = inner.to_str();
+        let inner = RawOsStr::new(inner);
+        Self { inner, utf8 }
+    }
+
+    /// Argument is length of 0
+    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.as_ref().is_empty()
+    }
+
+    /// Does the argument look like a stdio argument (`-`)
+    pub fn is_stdio(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.as_ref() == "-"
+    }
+
+    /// Does the argument look like an argument escape (`--`)
+    pub fn is_escape(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.as_ref() == "--"
+    }
+
+    /// Does the argument look like a number
+    pub fn is_number(&self) -> bool {
+        self.to_value()
+            .map(|s| s.parse::<f64>().is_ok())
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+    }
+
+    /// Treat as a long-flag
+    pub fn to_long(&self) -> Option<(Result<&str, &RawOsStr>, Option<&RawOsStr>)> {
+        if let Some(raw) = self.utf8 {
+            let remainder = raw.strip_prefix("--")?;
+            if remainder.is_empty() {
+                debug_assert!(self.is_escape());
+                return None;
+            }
+
+            let (flag, value) = if let Some((p0, p1)) = remainder.split_once('=') {
+                (p0, Some(p1))
+            } else {
+                (remainder, None)
+            };
+            let flag = Ok(flag);
+            let value = value.map(RawOsStr::from_str);
+            Some((flag, value))
+        } else {
+            let raw = self.inner.as_ref();
+            let remainder = raw.strip_prefix("--")?;
+            if remainder.is_empty() {
+                debug_assert!(self.is_escape());
+                return None;
+            }
+
+            let (flag, value) = if let Some((p0, p1)) = remainder.split_once('=') {
+                (p0, Some(p1))
+            } else {
+                (remainder, None)
+            };
+            let flag = flag.to_str().ok_or(flag);
+            Some((flag, value))
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Can treat as a long-flag
+    pub fn is_long(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.as_ref().starts_with("--") && !self.is_escape()
+    }
+
+    /// Treat as a short-flag
+    pub fn to_short(&self) -> Option<ShortFlags<'_>> {
+        if let Some(remainder_os) = self.inner.as_ref().strip_prefix('-') {
+            if remainder_os.starts_with('-') {
+                None
+            } else if remainder_os.is_empty() {
+                debug_assert!(self.is_stdio());
+                None
+            } else {
+                let remainder = self.utf8.map(|s| &s[1..]);
+                Some(ShortFlags::new(remainder_os, remainder))
+            }
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Can treat as a short-flag
+    pub fn is_short(&self) -> bool {
+        self.inner.as_ref().starts_with('-')
+            && !self.is_stdio()
+            && !self.inner.as_ref().starts_with("--")
+    }
+
+    /// Treat as a value
+    ///
+    /// **NOTE:** May return a flag or an escape.
+    pub fn to_value_os(&self) -> &RawOsStr {
+        self.inner.as_ref()
+    }
+
+    /// Treat as a value
+    ///
+    /// **NOTE:** May return a flag or an escape.
+    pub fn to_value(&self) -> Result<&str, &RawOsStr> {
+        self.utf8.ok_or_else(|| self.inner.as_ref())
+    }
+
+    /// Safely print an argument that may contain non-UTF8 content
+    ///
+    /// This may perform lossy conversion, depending on the platform. If you would like an implementation which escapes the path please use Debug instead.
+    pub fn display(&self) -> impl std::fmt::Display + '_ {
+        self.inner.to_str_lossy()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Walk through short flags within a [`ParsedArg`]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct ShortFlags<'s> {
+    inner: &'s RawOsStr,
+    utf8_prefix: std::str::CharIndices<'s>,
+    invalid_suffix: Option<&'s RawOsStr>,
+}
+
+impl<'s> ShortFlags<'s> {
+    fn new(inner: &'s RawOsStr, utf8: Option<&'s str>) -> Self {
+        let (utf8_prefix, invalid_suffix) = if let Some(utf8) = utf8 {
+            (utf8, None)
+        } else {
+            split_nonutf8_once(inner)
+        };
+        let utf8_prefix = utf8_prefix.char_indices();
+        Self {
+            inner,
+            utf8_prefix,
+            invalid_suffix,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Move the iterator forward by `n` short flags
+    pub fn advance_by(&mut self, n: usize) -> Result<(), usize> {
+        for i in 0..n {
+            self.next().ok_or(i)?.map_err(|_| i)?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// No short flags left
+    pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        self.invalid_suffix.is_none() && self.utf8_prefix.as_str().is_empty()
+    }
+
+    /// Does the short flag look like a number
+    ///
+    /// Ideally call this before doing any iterator
+    pub fn is_number(&self) -> bool {
+        self.invalid_suffix.is_none() && self.utf8_prefix.as_str().parse::<f64>().is_ok()
+    }
+
+    /// Advance the iterator, returning the next short flag on success
+    ///
+    /// On error, returns the invalid-UTF8 value
+    pub fn next_flag(&mut self) -> Option<Result<char, &'s RawOsStr>> {
+        if let Some((_, flag)) = self.utf8_prefix.next() {
+            return Some(Ok(flag));
+        }
+
+        if let Some(suffix) = self.invalid_suffix {
+            self.invalid_suffix = None;
+            return Some(Err(suffix));
+        }
+
+        None
+    }
+
+    /// Advance the iterator, returning everything left as a value
+    pub fn next_value_os(&mut self) -> Option<&'s RawOsStr> {
+        if let Some((index, _)) = self.utf8_prefix.next() {
+            self.utf8_prefix = "".char_indices();
+            self.invalid_suffix = None;
+            return Some(&self.inner[index..]);
+        }
+
+        if let Some(suffix) = self.invalid_suffix {
+            self.invalid_suffix = None;
+            return Some(suffix);
+        }
+
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'s> Iterator for ShortFlags<'s> {
+    type Item = Result<char, &'s RawOsStr>;
+
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
+        self.next_flag()
+    }
+}
+
+fn split_nonutf8_once(b: &RawOsStr) -> (&str, Option<&RawOsStr>) {
+    match std::str::from_utf8(b.as_raw_bytes()) {
+        Ok(s) => (s, None),
+        Err(err) => {
+            let (valid, after_valid) = b.split_at(err.valid_up_to());
+            let valid = std::str::from_utf8(valid.as_raw_bytes()).unwrap();
+            (valid, Some(after_valid))
+        }
+    }
+}